Толковый словарь английского языка - rough

I. adjective (~er; ~est) Etymology: Middle English, from Old English rūh; akin to Old High German rūh ~, Lithuanian raukas wrinkle Date: before 12th century 1. marked by inequalities, ridges, or projections on the surface ; coarse, covered with or made up of coarse and often shaggy hair , c. having a broken, uneven, or bumpy surface , difficult to travel th~ or penetrate ; wild , 2. turbulent, tempestuous , b. characterized by harshness, violence, or force, presenting a challenge ; difficult , coarse or rugged in character or appearance: as, harsh to the ear, crude in style or expression, indelicate, marked by a lack of refinement or grace ; uncouth, 4. crude, unfinished , executed or ventured hastily, tentatively, or imperfectly , ~ish adjective ~ness noun Synonyms: see: ~see: rude II. adverb Date: 14th century ~ly 1, without usual conveniences, III. noun Date: 15th century uneven ground covered with high grass, brush, and stones, the rugged or disagreeable side or aspect , 3. something in a crude, unfinished, or preliminary state, broad outline ; general terms , a hasty preliminary drawing or layout, rowdy, IV. transitive verb Date: 1763 ~en, 2. to subject to abuse ; manhandle, beat, to subject to unnecessary and intentional violence in a sport , shell 3, to calk or otherwise ~en (a horse's shoes) to prevent slipping, 4. to shape, make, or dress in a ~ or preliminary way, to indicate the chief lines of , ~er noun